====== Virtualization ====== VMware OS Optimization Tool. - ===== pre installed virtualbox images ===== https://www.sysprobs.com/download-pre-installed-virtualbox-images-linux-windows#Windows-VMs \\ ===== KVM ===== * https://kb.novaordis.com/index.php/Linux_Virtualization_Concepts https://kb.novaordis.com/index.php/KVM_Virtual_Machine_XML_Defintion https://kb.novaordis.com/index.php/KVM_Virtual_Networking_Concepts * [[https://serveradmin.ru/kvm-backup/|KVM backup]] - https://bozza.ru/art-337.html * qemu-img https://blog.programster.org/qemu-img-cheatsheet * compress ''pigz -c ./MISOJ-auth.hdd > /home/vm/MISOJ-auth.hdd.gz'' * decompress ''pigz -d -c ./MISOJ-auth.hdd.gz > /home/vm/MISOJ-auth.hdd'' * for windows 7 virtio last version 0.1.173-4 * https://recoverhdd.com/blog/how-to-repair-boot-record-mbr-windows-guide.html#ch1 - fix boot * centos 8 virtualization https://computingpost.medium.com/how-to-install-and-use-kvm-on-centos-stream-8-2816ca196ff6 * centos 7 configure with network manager https://www.server-world.info/en/note?os=CentOS_7&p=kvm ===== Qemu ===== * start qemu without libvirt, raw start ==== Virsh ==== * virsh cheatcode https://computingforgeeks.com/virsh-commands-cheatsheet/ ==== Backup Snapshots ==== * commands and logic https://sysguides.com/create-and-manage-internal-snapshots-in-kvm * old scripts https://b14esh.com/virtualization/kvm/backup-vm-qemu-kvm-libvirt.html ==== Nested virtualization - hyper-v ==== * https://www.redpill-linpro.com/techblog/2021/04/07/nested-virtualization-hyper-v-in-qemu-kvm.html ==== Qemu - checkpoints ==== Testing system updates using libvirts checkpoint feature - https://abbbi.github.io/changes/ \\ virtndbackup error - https://github.com/abbbi/virtnbdbackup/discussions/119 \\ working with bitmaps qmp https://kashyapc.fedorapeople.org/QEMU-Docs/_build/html/docs/interop/bitmaps.html#id1 \\ # bitmap qemu-img bitmap --remove ./local_copy_1_154.hdd.qcow2 virtnbdbackup.1 #snapshot qemu-img snapshot -l $DISK_IMAGE.qcow2 # List Snapshots #Snapshots also appear in the output of the qemu-img info command. qemu-img snapshot -c $SNAPSHOT_NAME $DISK_IMAGE #Create Snapshot qemu-img snapshot -a $SNAPSHOT_NAME $DISK_IMAGE #Restore (Apply) Snapshot qemu-img snapshot -d $SNAPSHOT_NAME $DISK_IMAGE #Delete Snapshot ++++ Checkpoints increment backup| # Libvirt - checkpoints - dirtybitmap article for incremental backup - https://abbbi.github.io/changes/ ## Commands virsh checkpoint-create virsh qemu-monitor-command one-31 --pretty '{"execute": "query-block", "arguments": {}}' qemu-img info --output json --force-share /var/lib/one/datastores/0/31/disk.0 ## Manual 1.https://qemu-project.gitlab.io/qemu/interop/bitmaps.html#bitmap-status 1.https://qemu-project.gitlab.io/qemu/interop/dbus-vmstate.html ## Interesting manual with commands 1.https://github.com/OpenNebula/one/issues/6206 - in first message examples of commands 1.
Example of create chekpoints and use it 12:23:12.061 [CMD]: virsh --connect qemu:///system checkpoint-list --name 0f297c4b-001f-434d-9123-739342da23fb 12:23:12.079 [CMD]: DONE 12:23:12.080 [CMD]: virsh --connect qemu:///system domfsfreeze 0f297c4b-001f-434d-9123-739342da23fb 12:23:12.149 [CMD]: DONE 12:23:12.152 [CMD]: qemu-img create -f qcow2 /var/lib/one//datastores/0/36/tmp/scracth.0.qcow2 256M 12:23:12.211 [CMD]: DONE 12:23:12.211 [CMD]: virsh --connect qemu:///system backup-begin --reuse-external --backupxml /var/lib/one//datastores/0/36/tmp/backup.xml --checkpointxml /var/lib/one//datastores/0/36/tmp/checkpoint.xml 0f297c4b-001f-434d-9123-739342da23fb 12:23:12.641 [CMD]: DONE 12:23:12.641 [CMD]: virsh --connect qemu:///system domfsthaw 0f297c4b-001f-434d-9123-739342da23fb 12:23:12.716 [CMD]: DONE 12:23:12.719 [CMD]: nbdinfo --json --map=qemu:dirty-bitmap:backup-vda nbd+unix:///vda?socket=/var/lib/one//datastores/0/36/backup.socket 12:23:12.726 [CMD]: DONE 12:23:12.726 [CMD]: qemu-img create -f qcow2 -F raw -b nbd+unix:///vda?socket=/var/lib/one//datastores/0/36/backup.socket /var/lib/one//datastores/0/36/backup/disk.0.2 12:23:12.794 [CMD]: DONE 12:23:12.794 [CMD]: qemu-io 12:23:13.034 [CMD]: DONE 12:23:13.034 [BCK]: Incremental backup done in 0.955029454s 12:23:13.034 [CMD]: virsh --connect qemu:///system domjobabort 0f297c4b-001f-434d-9123-739342da23fb 12:23:13.054 [CMD]: DONE 12:23:13.055 [CMD]: virsh --connect qemu:///system checkpoint-list --name 0f297c4b-001f-434d-9123-739342da23fb 12:23:13.072 [CMD]: DONE 12:23:13.072 [CMD]: qemu-img info --output json --force-share /var/lib/datastores/local_mount/0/36/disk.0.snap/0 12:23:13.077 [CMD]: DONE 12:23:13.078 [CMD]: virsh --connect qemu:///system checkpoint-delete 0f297c4b-001f-434d-9123-739342da23fb one-36-0 12:23:13.399 [CMD]: DONE
````
++++ ++++ Whole libvirt hierarchy of path| # https://www.reddit.com/r/linuxquestions/comments/16kx0oi/how_do_i_change_libvirtqemuvirtmanager_s_xml/ # path of libvirt /etc/libvirt/ Holds QEMU/Libvirt configurations files are. /etc/libvirt/hooks/ Holds your own scripts that would starts when a specific VM does. /etc/libvirt/nwfilter/ Looks like Libvirt has its own networking/firewall rules. /etc/libvirt/qemu/ Holds VMs' XMLs are stored. /etc/libvirt/qemu/networks/ Holds QEMU/Libvirt virtual networks' XMLs are. /etc/libvirt/qemu/networks/autostart/ A QEMU/Libvirt virtual network XML symlinked there will make said virtual network starts when QEMU/Libvirt does. /etc/libvirt/secrets/ ??? /etc/libvirt/storage/ Holds QEMU/Libvirt datastores/pool configurations files are. /etc/libvirt/storage/autostart/ A QEMU/Libvirt datastore/pool configuration file symlinked there will make said datastore/pool starts when QEMU/Libvirt does. /var/lib/libvirt/boot/ ??? /var/lib/libvirt/dnsmasq/ Holds further QEMU/Libvirt virtual networks' configuration files. /var/lib/libvirt/images/ Default QEMU/Libvirt virtual disks' datastore/pool. /var/lib/libvirt/qemu/ ??? /var/lib/libvirt/qemu/channel/ ??? /var/lib/libvirt/qemu/target/ ??? /var/lib/libvirt/qemu/checkpoint/ ??? /var/lib/libvirt/qemu/dump/ ??? /var/lib/libvirt/qemu/nvram/ Holds VMs' UEFI settings. Same goes for TPM and Secure Boot databases? /var/lib/libvirt/qemu/ram/ ??? /var/lib/libvirt/qemu/ram/libvirt/ ??? /var/lib/libvirt/qemu/libvirt/qemu/ ??? /var/lib/libvirt/qemu/save/ Looks like it holds VMs' saved states. /var/lib/libvirt/qemu/snapshot/ Looks like it's where VMs' snapshot are saved. /var/lib/libvirt/sanlock/ ??? ++++ ==== Virsh from astra to redos ==== sed -i 's/pc-q35-7.2/pc-q35-6.1/g' ./vmconfig.virtnbdbackup.32.xml sed -i 's//<\/seclabel-->/g' ./vmconfig.virtnbdbackup.32.xml ==== Virtualization CEPH ==== * https://insujang.github.io/2021-03-24/testing-ceph-rbd-performance-with-virtualization/