arc loader

Backup

• Собираем бюджетный домашний NAS на 14 ТБ https://habr.com/ru/companies/ruvds/articles/837642/
• купить корпус habr NAS своими руками (конструктор для сборки)
• купить Ethernet-адаптер 2500 Мбит/с, USB Type-C на RJ45
• купить низкопрофильный вентилятор Thermalright AXP-90 X36
• низкопрофильный вентилятор innovision fan

# Temp and fan
echo fan && cat /sys/class/hwmon/hwmon1/device/fan*_input && echo 'temp' && cat /sys/class/hwmon/hwmon0/temp*_input
# UPS
upsc ups | grep load
# Smart get data
smartctl -a /dev/sda -d sat
 
lvs -a -o +devices

• https://bafista.ru/
• https://nascompares.com/news/synology-2023-nas-confirmed-releases-predictions/

<https://xpenology.com/forum/topic/68165-xpenology-%D0%BD%D0%B0-proxmox-%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B7-%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%B2-%D1%81-%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC/>

*Synology on proxmox https://hotstuff.asia/2023/01/03/xpenology-with-arpl-on-proxmox-the-easy-way/
virtual dsm in docker https://xpenology.com/forum/topic/68136-new-virtual-dsm-in-docker/page/4/

1. Install community packages source https://packages.synocommunity.com
2. install packages and dev tools BASH

   sh-4.4# synopkg list --name
   # https://linuxcommandlibrary.com/man/synopkg  man of synopkg
   Docker				 synocli-kernel
   ActiveInsight			 synocli-misc
   OAuthService			 synokernel-usbserial
   SynoFinder			 synocli-net
   exFAT-Free			 HybridShare
   ScsiTarget			 synocli-disk
   Virtualization			 SMBService
   PlexMediaServer			 FileStation
   Python2				 synocli-monitor
   synocli-file			 SecureSignIn
   DownloadStation			 ReplicationService
   SnapshotReplication		 StorageAnalyzer
    
   sh-4.4# synopkg install_from_server Node.js_v12

3. Diagnostic toold sudo synogear install BASH Run iotop tcpdump, pidstat -dlh 20 etc. on Synology DiskStation or RackStation with Synogear without ipkg

   # https://blog.spaps.de/run-iotop-tcpdump-etc-on-synology-diskstation-or-rackstation-with-synogear/
   addr2name	kill		pidstat		sar
   arping		killall		ping		sid2ugid.sh
   bash		ldd		ping6		slabtop
   cifsiostat	log-analyzer.sh	pkill		sockstat
   clockdiff	lsof		pmap		speedtest-cli.py
   dig		ltrace		prtstat		strace
   domain_test.sh	mpstat		ps		sysctl
   file		name2addr	pstree		sysstat
   fix_idmap.sh	ncat		pwdx		tcpdump
   free		ndisc6		rarpd		tcpdump_wrapper
   fuser		nethogs		rdisc		tcpspray
   gcore	nfsiostat-sysstat	rdisc6		tcpspray6
   gdb		nmap		rltraceroute6	tcptraceroute6
   gdbserver	nping		rview		telnet
   iftop		nslookup	rvim		time
   iostat		peekfd		sa1		tload
   iotop		perf-check.py	sa2		top
   iperf		pgrep		sadc		tracepath
   iperf3		pidof		sadf

4. Install entware - https://github.com/Entware/Entware/wiki/Install-on-Synology-NAS
5. Notification to telegram - <https://api.telegram.org/bot(Токен)/sendMessage?chat_id=(IDчата)&text=Hello+world&user=NAS920&password=Password&to=12345678> <https://api.telegram.org/bot(Токен)/getUpdates>
6. UPS config
7. Synology – Moving a package between volumes - https://bartlaarhoven.nl/posts/synology-move-packages/ DSM6

• update xpenology <https://dzen.ru/a/ZG0JGcHKIDSQPn1N>
• Arc Loader https://auxxxilium.tech/redpill/

• loaders https://xpenology.com/forum/topic/61634-dsm-7x-loaders-and-platforms/#comment-281190
• loader https://xpenology.com/forum/topic/65408-automated-redpill-loader-arpl/
• basic command lines CLI synology - https://mariushosting.com/synology-basic-command-lines-for-dsm-7/
• manual https://global.download.synology.com/download/Document/Hardware/HIG/DiskStation/18-year/DS918+/rus/Syno_QIG_DS918_Plus_rus.pdf

• https://xpenology.com/forum/topic/62547-tutorial-install-dsm-7x-with-tinycore-redpill-tcrp-loader-on-esxi/
• https://xpenology.com/forum/topic/62221-tutorial-installmigrate-to-dsm-7x-with-tinycore-redpill-tcrp-loader/
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7npsbNCEW2g&ab_channel=%D0%94%D0%9C%D0%98%D0%A2%D0%A0%D0%98%D0%99%D0%9C%D0%90%D0%9A%D0%A1%D0%98%D0%9C%D0%9E%D0%92

• synology monitoring https://github.com/kernelkaribou/synology-monitoring

• find out cpu type https://kb.synology.com/en-uk/DSM/tutorial/What_kind_of_CPU_does_my_NAS_have
• материнская плата Innovision atx sata 6.0
• реобас - устройство для подключения и управления вентиляторами

• https://xeon-e5450.ru/socket-1151/ql2x-ql3x/
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gb5fmwju8yg
• https://overclockers.ru/blog/NuJIevik/show/60758/modifikaciya-bios-dlya-processorov-mutantov-6-9-pokoleniya

• face recognition patch
• thumbnails in explorer windows - https://github.com/bruhov/WinThumbsPreloader/

• https://www.synology.com/en-us/support/RAID_calculator?
• !!! DSM7 918+ NVME cache patch - https://nguyenvinh-net.translate.goog/xpenology-mod-driver-de-nhan-o-nvme-tren-ds918-chay-dsm-7.html?_x_tr_sl=vi&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=sc
• !!! grub sata sas configuration https://xpenology.com/forum/topic/32867-sata-and-sas-config-commands-in-grubcfg-and-what-they-do/
• using external disk as internal https://www.droider.org/content/dobavlenie-bolshego-kolichestva-diskov-xpenologysynology https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eWQCdC1hIow&list=PLhMEv36usktPbSAHaZB-bXjuozcyHyzfn
• sata not showing https://www.reddit.com/r/Xpenology/comments/vq2xv6/redpill_71_sata_drives_not_showing/
• example synology commands https://xpenology.com/forum/topic/58072-how-to-have-ds3622xs-recognize-nvme-ssd-cache-drive-maybe-works-on-other-models/

• blog about https://mariushosting.com/category/synology-hardware/
• install on not synology hardware - https://xpenology.com/forum/topic/7848-links-to-loaders/
• tutorial install https://xpenology.com/forum/topic/13333-tutorialreference-6x-loaders-and-platforms/

• Synology Compile kernel module https://github.com/jim3ma/synology-igc#3-load-module
• instruction https://github.com/robertklep/dsm7-usb-serial-drivers
• Synology ds3622xs Fix nvme ssd cache https://xpenology.com/forum/topic/58072-how-to-have-ds3622xs-recognize-nvme-ssd-cache-drive-maybe-works-on-other-models/

• nested virtualization - https://www.reddit.com/r/homelab/comments/tfdw6s/nested_vms_on_a_synology_nas/
• working with disks on direct convert to qcow2 https://www.bjoerns-techblog.de/2019/02/migration-von-synology-vms/

• red hat resize lvm - https://www.redhat.com/sysadmin/resize-lvm-simple
• fsck + tunefs help https://baks.dev/article/terminal/fsck-command-in-linux-repair-file-system https://phoenixnap.com/kb/fsck-command-linux

# https://web.archive.org/web/20160116172554/http://idmedia.no/projects/xpenology/expand-volume-synolgy-dsm-doesnt-want/
# on linux not synology
mdadm --assemble --scan
modprobe dm-mod
vgscan
vgchange -ay vg1000
lvs
sudo fsck.ext4 -fvp /dev/vg1000/lv
sudo resize2fs -fpF /dev/vg1000/lv
 
# on synology 
# get information
synodisk --enum
synodisk --detectfs /volume1
cat /etc/fstab
cat /proc/mdstat

DSM7 online

# on DSM7
#ame problem here. I finally figured out a workaround. If you look at the help for synostgvolume it'll tell you it can "unmount volume with stopping service". I did synostgvolume --unmount -p /volume1
 
#Though the NAS did send me an email saying "Volume 1 has crashed", so it clearly didn't safely stop any other processes first. Oops.
#But at least once it was unmounted I was able to do everything else as necessary:
 
vgchange -ay
fsck.ext4 -vf /dev/mapper/cachedev_0
 
 
# to kill all except ssh
synpoweroff -d 
#which looks like it should do what syno_poweroff_task -d did; the help says "will not stop sshd" but it immediately shuts off the NAS so it's useless.)

DSM6 online

# on SYNOLOGY DSM6 process to resize https://web.archive.org/web/20161114073829/http://www.mauchle.name/blog/?p=235
# forum synology https://xpenology.com/forum/topic/1957-guide-how-to-expand-the-volume-if-dsm-doesnt-want-to/page/3/
#   1.enable ssh open winscp with root user:
syno_poweroff_task -d   # (turns everything off except ssh)
vgchange -ay vg1        # (this is the volume name from cat /etc/fstab)
fsck.ext4 -v -n -f /dev/mapper/vg1-volume_2 # (no changes)
cat /etc/fstab           
umount /volume1
mount                   # (check if volume is unmounted)
fsck.ext4 -fvp /dev/mapper/vg1-volume_2
fsck.ext4 -v -n -f /dev/mapper/vg1-volume_2
dmesg
lvextend -l +100%FREE  /dev/mapper/vg1-volume_2
resize2fs -fpF  /dev/mapper/vg1-volume_2
tune2fs -l /dev/mapper/vg1-volume_2

• base script https://github.com/JeffersonDing/SynologyMerge
• cmds

# find symbolic links
find . -type l -ls
# recursive links
find -type l -not \( -path "./volume*" -o -path "./sys*" -o -path "./dev*" -o -path "./proc*" -o -path "./tmp*" -prune \) -ls > /tmp/links.txt
 
# find broken symbolic links
find . -type l ! -exec test -e {} \; -print
  # if has stat
   b=$(find / -type l); for i in $(echo $b); do stat $i ; done |grep -i broken 2> /dev/null

tools for clone disk like dc3dd and clonezilla

or bash dd

#https://superuser.com/questions/145516/cloning-single-disk-drive-to-multiple-drives-simultaneously
You can use bash's "process substitution" along with the tee command to do this:

cat drive.image | tee >(dd of=/dev/sda) >(dd of=/dev/sdb) >(dd of=/dev/sdc) | dd of=/dev/sdd
or for clarity (at the expense of a little efficiency) you can make the last dd be called the same way as the others and send the stdout of tee to /dev/null:

cat drive.image | tee >(dd of=/dev/sda) >(dd of=/dev/sdb) >(dd of=/dev/sdc) >(dd of=/dev/sdd) | /dev/null
and if you have it installed you can use pipe viewer instead of cat to get a useful progress indicator:

pv drive.image | tee >(dd of=/dev/sda) >(dd of=/dev/sdb) >(dd of=/dev/sdc) | dd of=/dev/sdd
This reads 

• https://kb.synology.com/ru-ru/DSM/tutorial/How_can_I_recover_data_from_my_DiskStation_using_a_PC

• DSM7 install Entware https://github.com/Entware/Entware/wiki/Install-on-Synology-NAS
• DSM7 sudo synogear install https://mariushosting.com/synology-how-to-install-diagnosis-tool/

• hot swap manual delete - rescan - https://blog.kihltech.com/2012/12/sata-hotswap-drive-in-mdadm-raid-array/

Linux sata manual rescan

#When a drive has failed in some circumstances Linux won't realise you've actually pulled it physically from the array. If you have that problem (as I did this morning) #you can do the following:
 
echo 1 > /sys/block/<devnode>/device/delete
#e.g., in my case, /dev/sda had failed and I didn't want to reboot the server, so I did:
 
echo 1 > /sys/block/sda/device/delete
#After I did that, the new drive (which had actually been physically added already) was immediately visible.
 
#If it is not visible at this point, you can also do this to force a re-scan:
 
echo "- - -" > /sys/class/scsi_host/host<n>/scan
#  That "- - -" is wildcards for channel, id & LUN respectively, so you can restrict the scan to some subset if you want by specifying numbers instead.
#  Before you start, you could also:
readlink /sys/block/<devnode>
#  Which will show you the path with the right host number to check in /proc/scsi/scsi for disappearence after removal.

one of best choice

• https://www.photoprism.app/ - one of best for synology
• https://immich.app/

• https://www.blackvoid.club/wireguard-spk-for-your-synology-nas/

# удалить superblock + meta data
$ SIZE=$(( $(blockdev --getsz $YOUR_DEV) - 10240 ))
$ dd if=/dev/zero of=$YOUR_DEV bs=512 count=10240
$ dd if=/dev/zero of=$YOUR_DEV bs=512 seek=$SIZE count=10240

• https://saniaowner.space/2021/12/04/synology-surveillance-station-vzlomannaya-versiya/
• https://habr.com/ru/post/700484/ photo - to telegram https://www.reddit.com/r/homeassistant/comments/ue3p0m/home_assistant_synology_surveillance_station/ https://www.reddit.com/r/synology/comments/a1smun/surveillance_station_to_telegram/
• https://bafista.ru/xpenology-surveillance-station-patch-liczenzij-na-56-kamer/

• Cross compilation framework to create native packages - https://github.com/SynoCommunity/spksrc/wiki/FAQ-SynoCliDisk
• synology source code https://xpenology.com/forum/topic/56098-dsm-70-kernel-source-missed-for-over-half-a-year/#comment-263382
• synology kernel module compilation example - https://github.com/kyzia/Xpenology/blob/master/README.md ( onlu module without kernel) (Intel igc

 for synology
  * dashy
  * nodered
  * z2m
  * mosquitto
  * syncthing
  * influxdb/grafana/chronograf/telegraf
  * gitea
  * freshrss
  * rsshub
  * vaultwarden
  * traefik
  * esphome
  * minio
  * kms_server
  * photoprism

scheme